History of Emerald
Emerald is the most expensive stone in the braille group. The name of this stone is derived from the old French word esmeralde, which has Greek roots from the word smaragdos meaning green stone
Emerald is a dark green stone from the braille group, which is painted with chromium. The green vanillium-colored braille is not necessarily emerald, but an ordinary green braille
Since the 1960s, the American jewelry industry has changed that definition, calling vanadium-dyed braille emeralds, but this was not the case in Britain and Europe
The old emerald green color has no rival in the world of gemstones and is one of the top four most expensive gemstones, these are ruby, Badakhshan pearl and diamond plus emerald
Although emeralds are one of the most valuable gemstones in the world today, most of them break very quickly due to their low resistance
According to the GIA, emerald is the third type of transparent gemstone, meaning that even the good quality used in jewelry is in the ratio of I2 to I3
Emerald extraction centers
Although Colombia is the most famous source of green emeralds, their reservoirs have been dug in various parts of the world
Emerald production has increased in recent decades due to new discoveries in South America, Africa and Europe
Today, Brazil and Zambia are among the top producers of emeralds, followed by Colombia
Brazilian emeralds are more expensive due to their transparency and yellowish green color
Zambian emeralds, on the other hand, have a special bluish green color and are similar to Colombian emeralds
Identify emeralds
Almost all natural emeralds contain infertility and all of them use oil or spice to fill cracks and crevices
It is these oils and spices that make it easy to distinguish natural emeralds from other similar jewelry
Artificial light is emitted and the imperfections and cracks in the confirming emerald stone will be natural
Emerald color is due to the presence of chromium and vanadium and the color is very prominent in natural light. One of the easiest ways to identify green emeralds is to test them for density and hardness
Like all types of braille, emeralds are harder than apes, quartz and feldspar, but softer than spinel, topaz and ruby
However, emerald is more brittle than braille and the reason is the presence of many imperfections in this stone
Drilling for emeralds is usually done inside large rocks because emeralds form inside small veins or cave walls
Colombia is an international hub for emeralds
The Mozu mine in northwestern Bogota produces quality green rocks
The Chivor mine in northeastern Bogota is another important source, and of course there are numerous sites in the country for emerald drilling
Brazil has several reservoirs in Bahia, Goias and Minas Gerais
The rocks of these areas are clearer than the Colombian rocks and are mostly green-yellow and there is no immaturity in them
Brazil offers cat-eye emeralds and very rare hexagonal star emeralds
South African reservoirs are concentrated in the North Transvaal
But only five percent of the stones found in the Kobra and Somerset mines are of good quality
Most stones are light or mud and are useful for cutting jewelry
Zimbabwe has many reservoirs of emeralds, the most important of which is the Sandavana mine in the south. The crystals are small but of good quality
Russia has reservoirs in the northern Urals
High quality emeralds are very rare, most stones are useful for cutting jewelry
Other sources include Afghanistan, Australia, Ghana, India, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Tanzania, Zambia, and the United States
In the case of emeralds, even more than other colored pomegranates, it is this color that is considered the main indicator of its value
Emeralds are dark green to bluish green and sometimes yellowish green braille
The green color of these stones is due to the presence of chromium and vanadium impurities. The most popular and valuable stone in green is a little blue, however, the more blue it is, the less valuable it is
The term Colombian emerald is commonly used to describe blue, shiny green rocks, regardless of where they are derived
Lighter-colored emeralds are called Brazilian emeralds, even if drilled in Africa
Emerald clarity and radiance
Emeralds have a glassy luster when cut and polished
Although their transparency varies from bright to dull, its brilliant examples will be more valuable
Transparency is very important, but the immaturity of emeralds is greater than other jewels. Unlike other members of the Braille group, emeralds are highly infertile
Of course, their existence should not be considered a negative feature because they are also found in other gemstones
These impurities are part of the identity of the stone and indicate the origin of emerald
The transparency of emeralds can be seen with the naked eye and, like diamonds, does not require 10x magnification
If the emerald does not have invisibility visible to the naked eye, it is not a problem
Such stones have the highest price, especially if they are in the ideal color grade
Emerald cut and shape
Emeralds are usually cut in a way that is specific to this category, ie cutting emeralds. Emerald Cut is a stepped cut in a rectangular or square shape with cut corners
This style of cutting multiplies the beauty and color of the stone and at the same time protects the mechanical strength and internal pressure of the stone
Emeralds are also cut into shapes such as pears, ovals and circles. Lower grades are usually cut into beads and beads
Transparent and shiny materials are cut in such a way that their transparency is multiplied
Emerald preparation
Lubrication is one of the most common methods of preparing emeralds and is most often done in the same mine
The term lubrication means placing emeralds in a colorless oil or resin to enhance color, clarity and resistance
This is usually done through a hole to help the material penetrate. Non-standard methods include the use of colored oils and resins such as epoxy
Using these methods improves the appearance of the pomegranate, but you must be very careful when cleaning
Steamers, solutions and ultrasonic cleaners can clean the oil and thus cause blemishes
Because emeralds can be stored by re-lubrication, damage to them is temporary
Hybrid emeralds have been available since 1848
In 1950, combination methods were introduced and high quality compounds were introduced to the market
The term Chatham emerald refers to emeralds made in the laboratory
There are several double emerald stones. In many cases, the top of them is covered with glass or another compound and then emerald green liquid is poured on it
Features of emerald gemology
Species: emerald–braille
Chemical formula: Al2Be3Si6O18- Beryllium aluminum silicate
Crystal structure: hexagonal, hexagonal crystal
Color: emerald green to green to slightly blue or yellowish green
Hardness: 7.5 to 8 on the Mohs scale
Refractive index: 1.565 to 1.602
Density: 2.67 to 2.78
Cleavage: Uncertain
Transparency: Transparent to opaque
Double refraction or refraction of two-way light: -0.006
Luminosity: Glass
Shabnak: Usually not
Emerald belongs to an important group of braille gemstones
There are different types of braille gemstones, most of which are categorized based on color and coloring elements such as pink morganite and red bixbite
There are other green gemstones that may be confused with green emeralds, such as clear green quartz, dementoid pomegranate, tsavorite, chromium tourmaline, green chromium pyroxene, grossularite pomegranate, auravarite pomegranate, wordlite, fluorite, hidnite and emerald green
Related and less familiar gemstones
Goshenite, Morganite, Heliador, Bix Beat and Emerald Trapezoid
World famous emeralds
One of the largest emeralds in the world is the Mongol emerald
This emerald was found in 1695, weighing 217.80 carats and 10 cm long
On one side of it, worship texts are written and on the other side, floral engravings are engraved
This extraordinary emerald sold at auction in London on September 28, 2001 for $ 2.2 million
Emeralds have been effective in self-esteem since time immemorial
For this reason, some of the most famous can be found in museums and private collections
The New York Museum of Natural History shows, for example, a cup made of pure emerald belonging to the Emperor of the World, one of Colombia’s largest emeralds after Patricia, weighing 632 carats
The Bogota Bank complex has five valuable emeralds weighing 220 and 1796 carats
Shining emeralds are part of the treasury of Iranian national jewelry, including the royal crown of the former Queen Farah
Turkish sultans loved emeralds
An exhibition of these jewels is held in Topkapi Palace in Istanbul and all kinds of emeralds can be seen there
The Vienna treasury consists of a vase 12 cm high and 2205 carats made of an emerald
Queen Elizabeth II had a special room to store her jewels, which is said to be the size of a hockey pitch, below Buckingham’s diameter
This, of course, does not include the jewels of the British Kingdom, which are kept in the Tower of London
The Queen’s personal jewelry was valued at $ 57 million
The jewelry in the Queen collection includes Cambridge and Delhi jewelry, which contains significant emeralds
Elizabeth Taylor has a famous jewelry collection
Richard Burton gave her an emerald and a diamond brooch, which she wore with a diamond necklace on her wedding day
Earrings, bracelets and rings were later given as gifts
Maintaining and cleaning jewelry and emerald gemstones
Expensive emeralds are sensitive to pressure and are vulnerable to household chemicals. Although emerald is one of the hardest gemstones, you still have to be careful in using it. When preparing emeralds, you have to be very careful because the ratio Other forms of braille are more fragile. Avoid wearing emerald jewelry when working with chemicals or household detergents. Clean them with a little soapy water and a soft cloth. All soap residue should be removed. Do not use steam or ultrasonic detergents on these jewelry because it destroys the oil used in emeralds. Old lubrication is a good method for emeralds but it is not permanent so it should be repeated regularly. Remove it before exercising, cleaning or physical activity. Diamonds can scratch emeralds, so keep them away from other jewelry in a soft tissue
